I feel like the best way to see what puzzles are like in IF is to play some yourself. Check out threads like Good parser IF to recommend to novices? or look around the IFDB for various puzzle-related polls.
My go-to recommendation is Violet because it was my first completed game. It’s short but still has the features of the classic IF puzzle (find something to help you accomplish a task), while having enough hinting to finish without outside help.