Assuming you don’t mind running only in the browser*, and it sounds like you might have been planning on that anyway, I think you could probably accomplish what you want vis-a-vis dynamically updating the contents of a window based on state with Vorple. You could send as much state info as you wanted, based on whatever level of granularity was relevant, but you’re still stuck building the representation yourself. Doing it dynamically sounds easier than having all the potential output generated in advance and finding it via lookup based on a some string or hash representation of the whole game state… but it sounds like you have some particular reason for wanting to do it that way. (And of course, you could still implement it that way.)
*It could also be bundled with Electron if you wanted a standalone app.