There aren’t righter places and there is no stable release of Inform subsequent to 10.1.2. I keep the Inform 7 Docs and Resources up to date and it would reflect such changes.
Command-line flag: -variable '*tout=output.inter' where “output.inter” is arbitrary, your choice of filename.
No source has been moved to Inter. It’s exclusively a compilation target. See Structure of the Inform 7 Compiler. The Inform 6 .i6t files can now be found within “kits”; see A Guide to Kits.
The next release of Inform (for which there’s still no schedule) will be 11. Current development Inform still uses 10.2 internally.